Dialogue Using 5 Scientific Approach

The application of a scientific approach will be the challenge of teachers through the development of 7 activities of students that is observing, asking, trying, processing, tasting, reasoning, and creating.

The dialogue : 
On thursday morning chemistry class prepare the references to study about endothermic and exothermic reactions before the the teacher comes.

*teacher enter the class*

Teacher : Good morning everybody, in this morning we will discuss about exothermic and endothermic reactions. So who know the definition of endothermic and exothermic reactions?

Student : *hand’s up* I know sir

Teacher : Yes, please

Student : An exothermic reaction gives off energy to the surroundings; like a fire giving off heat. An endothermic reaction takes in energy from the surroundings; like a snowman melting. 

Teacher : Ok, that’s good. So exothermic reactions transfer energy to the surroundings, and this energy is usually heat energy, they cause the surroundings to heat up. Just like a bonfire keeping everyone warm. As well as combustion (burning). Understand?

Student : *hand’s up* sir, what are the other examples of exothermic reactions?

Teacher : Other examples of exothermic reactions are: neutralisation reactions between acids and alkalis, the reaction between water and calcium oxide, and respiration. 
 

Student : *hand’s up* how to detect an exothermic reaction sir?

Teacher : It’s easy to detect an exothermic reaction, just get your thermometer and see if the temperature increases. Most chemical reactions are exothermic, because heat is given out. Any other questions?

Student : How about freezing sir? It’s endothermic or exothermic?

Teacher : Physical processes can also be endothermic or exothermic. When something freezes, it goes from liquid to solid. Bonds need to be made for this to happen, and to make bonds you need to do some work, thus energy is given out and freezing is exothermic. Similarly, when condensation happens because a gas is going to liquid, again bonds need to be made and so energy is given out. So freezing and condensation are exothermic. Because in exothermic reactions, energy is given out to the surroundings. This means that the energy of the reactants is higher than the energy of the products. Got it?

Student : What about endothermic reactions sir?

Teacher : Endothermic reactions are less common. They take in energy from the surroundings. The energy being transferred is usually heat. So in endothermic reactions, the surroundings usually get colder. Some examples of endothermic reactions are: electrolysis, the reaction between sodium carbonate and ethanoic acid, photosynthesis.

Student : *hand’s up* why a snowman melting is endothermic sir?

Teacher : Endothermic reactions can also be seen in physical processes. When something melts it goes from a solid to a liquid. For this to happen, bonds need to be broken. And to break bonds, energy needs to be put in. Boiling is also endothermic because energy needs to be put in to break the bonds for the liquid to turn to gas. Because in endothermic reactions, energy is added to the reaction, the energy of the products is higher than the energy of the reactants. And again, we can detect endothermic reactions with a thermometer because the temperature would get colder.

*the bells are ringing*

Teacher : Ok, I think It’s enough for today. See you on the next lesson and don’t forget to prepare the references about colloid for next week.

All of students : Ok sir!